Abstract
The (1 − y) ((1 − x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3)–yPbSnO3 solid solution (PMN–PT–PS) was obtained and investigated in the present paper. For the analysis of the influence of the PbSnO3 component on the electrophysical parameters, the compositions from the rhombohedral phase, tetragonal phase, and a mixture of these phases were selected. The six compositions of the PMN–PT have been obtained using sol–gel methods (for values of x equal to 0.25, 0.28, 0.31, 0.34, 0.37, and 0.40). The ceramic samples of the 0.9(PMN–PT)–0.1(PS) solid solution have been obtained using the conventional ceramic route. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and microstructure measurements were performed, as well as tests regarding the dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric properties and electric conductivity of the PMN–PT–PS ceramic samples versus temperature. Results of the measurements show that the obtained PMN–PT–PS materials have good electrophysical properties and are well suited for use in micromechatronic and microelectronic applications.
Highlights
The lead-based (1 − x)Pb(Mg1/3 Nb2/3 )O3 –xPbTiO3 (PMN–PT) solid solution belongs to the ferroelectric/relaxor family with perovskite structure [1]
The phase diagram of PMN–PT has been investigated by several authors [2,3,4,5,6,7]
The PMN–PT material exhibits a low thermal expansion behavior up to the Curie temperature (Tm ), and shows a broad and frequency dependent diffuse phase transition that is characteristic of relaxor materials [10,11,12]
Summary
The lead-based (1 − x)Pb(Mg1/3 Nb2/3 )O3 –xPbTiO3 (PMN–PT) solid solution belongs to the ferroelectric/relaxor family with perovskite structure [1]. Depending on the content of PbTiO3 in the composition, the PMN–PT solid solution has a rhombohedral structure (for x < 0.31), a tetragonal structure (for x > 0.37), or shows a mixture of tetragonal and rhombohedral phases (morphotropic phase boundary, MPB) for x in the range (0.31< x < 0.37). The introduction of PbSnO3 to the based PMN–PT composition gives an additional possibility to influence the temperature-dependent parameters and obtain the material with optimal parameters. The sol–gel method enables obtaining a ceramic powder with optimal parameters at a low synthesis temperature, which preserves the stoichiometric composition [11,19,20]
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