Abstract
The velocity of a uniformly charged spheroid in a spatially varying electric field, E∞(x), is determined. The electrical double layer at the particle's surface is assumed to be very thin relative to the size of the particle. The electric field produces a slip velocity at the surface of the particle that drives the electrophoretic motion. If the particle is not a sphere, then its velocity is not given simply by Smoluchowski's equation. The translational velocity of the particle is proportional to E∞ and ⊇⊇E∞, while the angular velocity is proportional to ⊇E∞. Examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of nonhomogeneous fields in orienting particles with and without the opposing effects of Brownian rotation. It should be possible to design electrode configurations that would produce the nonhomogeneous electric fields necessary to align and transport colloidal particles in a desired manner.
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