Abstract
Abstract One must treat with caution the current demand for maximum automation, and examine very carefully if the ratio of input—i.e., expenditure in time, labour, money—to output—i.e., gain in time, and money and sometimes accuracy—is an economic one. As a high percentage of the instruments used in surveying must function under rough field conditions, one must not only consider the initial capital expenditure, but also give importance to reliability, field worthiness, ruggedness, low weight, transportability and, last but not least, the ease of servicing and the availability of repair facilities.
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