Abstract
“Electronic tongues”, “taste sensors”, and similar devices (further named as “multisensor systems”, or MSS) have been studied and applied mostly for the analysis of edible analytes. This is not surprising, since the MSS development was sometimes inspired by the mainstream idea that they could substitute human gustatory tests. However, the basic principle behind multisensor systems—a combination of an array of cross-sensitive chemical sensors for liquid analysis and a machine learning engine for multivariate data processing—does not imply any limitations on the application of such systems for the analysis of inedible media. This review deals with the numerous MSS applications for the analysis of inedible analytes, among other things, for agricultural and medical purposes.
Highlights
From the early stage of multisensor systems (MSS) development, considerable experimental efforts were made and many scientific papers were published on “inedible” topics
Soil is the basis of plant growth and development, it supplies the matrix of terrestrial plants, water, fertilizers, and heat required for the normal growth and development of plants
The diverse scientific papers devoted to the MSS application for the analysis of inedible samples were discussed in this review
Summary
From the early stage of multisensor systems (MSS) development, considerable experimental efforts were made and many scientific papers were published on “inedible” topics. One can speak about the application of taste-sensing systems to the analysis of inedible samples as one of the promising directions of MSS research. Some of them are related to intermediate process stages (e.g., [1]), in general, the final target of MSS application was different edible products. The design of MSS applied to the analysis of different types of water can be very similar. Only chemical multisensor systems will be observed in this review Such systems are described as an ensemble of chemical sensors of various compositions with different sensing properties toward simple or complex target analytes. The sensors used in these systems are usually not highly selective to a single analyte and rather show cross-sensitivity to several analytes of similar or different chemical composition. Optical systems based on methods similar to conventional spectroscopy of any kind will not be discussed in this paper
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