Abstract

1. The Al−O and P−O chemical bonds in variscite are mainly covalent in nature. The degree of covalency of the P−Ob chemical bond is substantially greater than that of Al−Ob. 2. The presence of nonequivalent bonds of oxygen atoms in water molecules in variscite (H−OW−H) and bonds of bridge oxygen atoms (P−Ob−Al) leads to splitting of the 02s and 02p states of the OW and Ob atoms amounting to 7 eV. 3. The strength of the Al−OW bond is considerably lower than that of the Al−Ob bond. 4. The H11, H21, and H22 hydrogen atoms form hydrogen bonds with the bridge oxygen atoms, but H12 does not participate in hydrogen bonding. 5. The results from cluster calculations of the electronic structure of variscite provide a basis for interpreting the experimental x-ray photoelectron spectrum and for determining the influence of structural molecules of water on the XPS line shape and structure.

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