Abstract
This chapter focuses on electron transfer reactions. It shows how the transfer of electrons can be studied in the laboratory by setting up an electrochemical cell and monitoring the potential difference between electrodes. The link with thermodynamics is provided by the relation between this electrical potential difference and the reaction Gibbs energy. It follows that measurements of the potential difference can be used to determine thermodynamic properties, including the equilibrium constants of reactions. The procedures are simplified by expressing overall potential differences in terms of the contributions from each electrode and the processes occurring at the electrodes in terms of ‘half-reactions’.
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