Abstract
Electron-optic systems (EOSs) with high compression are required for THz-band vacuum-tube electron devices to reduce the cathode load, which is necessary to increase lifetime and enable operation in a continuous-wave (CW) mode. However, it is difficult to achieve high compression of multiple electron beams. In this article, we present the design and simulation of EOS with triple elliptic electron beam for a 0.2-THz traveling-wave tube. The triode electron gun with planar electrodes provides <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3\times 0.06$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -A electron beam with compression factor of 16. At the cathode, the current density is 26.31 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> while in the beam tunnel it is higher than 400 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The magnetic focusing system with 1.34-T axial magnetic field consisting of Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets and pole pieces is also designed. The numerical simulation predicts stable beam transmission at 25-mm distance.
Highlights
Numerous applications, such as high-data-rate wireless communications, high-resolution radar, and non-destructive evaluation, require miniaturized high-power wideband sources of coherent terahertz (THz) radiation
In [13] and [14], we presented the Electron-optic systems (EOSs) with 6.5-times compression of triple elliptic electron beam for a 0.2-THz traveling-wave tube (TWT)
In [12], we presented the design of 1.1-T permanent-magnet magnetic focusing system (MFS)
Summary
Numerous applications, such as high-data-rate wireless communications, high-resolution radar, and non-destructive evaluation, require miniaturized high-power wideband sources of coherent terahertz (THz) radiation. It is expected that such devices can provide over 100 W output power at sub-THz frequencies These devices require electron beam current density higher than 100 A/cm. In [13] and [14], we presented the EOS with 6.5-times compression of triple elliptic electron beam for a 0.2-THz traveling-wave tube (TWT). In [15], a dual-sheet-beam EOS for a 0.34-THz TWT was designed and studied by 3-D particle-in-cell (PIC) numerical simulation. In [16], the EOS for a 0.22-THz TWT 3×0.1 A beam with 29.24-A/cm cathode loading and compression factor of 10 was reported. We improve the design presented in [13], [14] in order to increase the beam current and to reduce the cathode loading. The corresponding cathode loading is 26.31 A/cm, while the averaged current density of the compressed beam is ~ 400 A/cm
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