Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are immunoglobulins (Igs) produced from single B-cell clone and are highly specific for an epitope on the antigen surface. Given their characteristic to bind any foreign substance that enters inside human body, mAbs have become an indispensable tool in therapeutic and diagnostic industry. In the last few decades, mAbs have demonstrated promising therapeutic potential, have become a critical part of healthcare systems, and consequently led to surge in the regulatory approvals of mAbs as therapeutic drugs for a wide range of indications. In this chapter, the history of mAbs development from their discovery to therapeutic applications will be presented. In addition, the molecular structure of the IgG antibody and functions of different regions/domains will be discussed. This work also covers a brief description of the FDA-approved therapeutic mAbs that are currently available in the market and their biosimilars in the treatment of various diseases.
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