Abstract

An intranuclear protozoan parasite in archaeocytes of the fresh water sponge Ephydatia fluviatilis is described. The parasites only attack the archaeocytes of this spongillid, invade their cytoplasm and later enter the nucleus. In the further development the parasite grows and undergoes nuclear divisions leading to a plasmodium with 30–40 nuclei. The parasite gradually displaces the host cell nucleus, which eventually becomes restricted to a small peripheral band surrounding the growing parasite. The following developmental phase may be considered as “formation of spores” or “sporulation”. The body of the parasite (“sporont”) undergoes fragmentation into lobes containing one to several nuclei, leading to the formation of spore-like structures (“spores”). Differentiated “spores” are limited by two membranes and contain a small nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria-like structures. The completely differentiated spores invade new archaeocytes. The parasite kills the sponge about three months after invasion. Die Parasiten wurden in den Archäocyten von Ephydatia fluviatilis vorgefunden. Sie dringen in ihr Cytoplasma, später in ihren Kern ein, wachsen heran und machen Kernteilungen durch, die zu einem Plasmodium mit 30 bis 40 Zellkernen führen. Hierbei verdrängen die Parasiten den Innenraum des Wirtszellkerns bis auf einen schmalen, peripheren Bereich rings um den Parasiten. Die anschließende Entwicklungsphase kann als Sporenbildung (Sporulation) bezeichnet werden. Hierbei führt die Fragmentierung des Parasiten-Zellkörpers zu „Sporen“. Ausdifferenzierte „Sporen“ weisen 2 Membranen auf und enthalten einen kleinen Zellkern, ein endoplasmatisches Retikulum und mitochondrien-ähnliche Strukturen. Fertige Sporen dringen erneut in Archäocyten ein. Die Parasiten töten den Schwamm etwa 3 Monate nach Befall.

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