Abstract
Modern physics has characterized spacetime, the interactions between particles, but not the nature of the particles themselves. Previous models of the electron have not specified its substance nor justified its cohesion. Here we present a relativistic electrodynamical model of the electron at rest, founded on natural interpretations of observables. Essentially intertwined positively and negatively charged subparticles revolve at light velocity in coplanar circular orbits, forming some coherent envelopeand nucleus, possibly responsible for its wavelike and corpuscular behaviors, respectively. We show that the model can provide interpretations of fundamental constants, satisfy the Virial theorem, and exhibit cohesion and stability without invoking Poincare stresses. Remarkably, the stability condition allows predicting electron mass, regarded as being a manifestation of its total (kinetic and potential) electromagnetic cohesion energy, and muon mass, directly from the substructure. Our study illustrates the possibility of constructing causal and objectively realist models of particles beneath the Compton scale. Finally, wave-corpuscle duality and the relation to quantum mechanics are discussed in the light of our electron model.
Highlights
Depending on the experiment, the most emblematic subatomic particle, the electron, has been found to interact as a point-like corpuscle in scattering experiments [1], or to behave as an extensible wave [2]
We presented a relativistic electrodynamical model of the electron based on natural interpretations of its associated observables
Our electron model is composed of triolets that revolve along coplanar circular orbits constituting an envelope and nucleus, which could be responsible for its wavelike and corpuscular behaviors, respectively
Summary
The most emblematic subatomic particle, the electron, has been found to interact as a point-like corpuscle in scattering experiments [1], or to behave as an extensible wave [2]. The electromagnetic force acting on a nucleus triolet due to the envelope charge and current and the electromagnetic force exerted on an envelope triolet due to the net nucleus magnetic moment were derived but found to be negligible when compared to intra-component interactions This suggests that each component is only loosely bound to the other, almost constituting an independent system, and verifies the Virial theorem independently (see Values of Observables), yielding for potential energies. The potential energy Uenv, kinetic energy Tenv, and average absolute stability deviation K are shown for the three considered envelope models, involving triolets revolving on (i) a single orbit at reduced Compton wavelength, (ii) two fixed envelope orbits ηenv+ and ηenv−, (iii) Nenv orbits of specific but fixed radii, with parameters set to nenv = 6, denv = 2. The latter were highly dependent on initial conditions, and a thorough optimization study is needed to ensure local minima are avoided
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