Abstract
The recombination properties of cobalt centers in p-type germanium containing cobalt in the concentration range 10 14 to 10 16 atoms/cm 3 have been investigated. The measurement of lifetime has been carried out by steady-state photoconductivity and photo-magneto-electric methods in the temperature range 145 to 300°K. The cross-sections S n o (electron capture cross-section at neutral centers). S n − (electron capture cross-section at singly negatively charged centers) and their temperature variations have been estimated by the analysis of the lifetime data on the basis of Sah-Shockley's multi-level formula. The value of S n o is (15±5).10 −16 cm 2 and is temperature independent. The value of S n − is ≈4·10 −16 cm 2 around 225°K and it increases with increase of temperature. The possible mechanisms for capture at neutral and repulsive centers are discussed and a summary of the capture cross-sections for cobalt centers is given. A comparison of the cross-section values of cobalt and their temperature variations with those of the related impurities-manganese, iron and nickel-in germanium has been made.
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