Abstract
An electron optical scheme has been developed for a low energy electron gun in which the focal properties are independent of final electron energy or beam current over a wide range of these variables. The scheme includes focus-independent provisions for pulsing the beam and regulating the current. Constructional details are given for typical guns and the performances of three guns are discussed. Beam currents in the microampere range were obtained for electron energies down to 4 eV, where the beam diameter was about 1.5 mm. Above 15 eV the beam diameters were less than 1 mm. At high energies, excellent focus properties were obtained by operating the final gun stage as an accelerating, rather than a decelerating, lens.
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