Electron diffraction study of the structural transformations in free argon clusters

Abstract

An electron diffraction technique is used to study the structure of clusters formed in an isentropically expanding supersonic argon jet. The formation of the hcp phase with increasing cluster size is reliably detected for the first time. Observations are made for mean cluster sizes N̄ in the range from 1×103 to 8×104 atoms/cluster. An analysis of the shape of the diffraction peaks is carried out. It is found that in the range N̄⩽2×103 atoms/cluster, where the clusters are icosahedral, the profiles of the diffraction peaks are well approximated by a Lorentzian. For fcc clusters with N̄⩾3×103 atoms/cluster a better approximation is the standard Gaussian function. In the case N̄⩾1×104 atoms/cluster one observes peaks of the hcp phase in addition to the fcc peaks. The intensity of the hcp peaks increases with increasing cluster size, and for N̄≈8×104 atoms/cluster, the (110), (101), (103), and (202) peaks, characteristic only for the hcp phase, are clearly registered in addition to the fcc peaks. A possible mechanism for the formation of the hcp structure in Ar clusters is proposed.