Abstract
One-dimensional nanowires with strong spin–orbit coupling and proximity-induced superconductivity are predicted to exhibit topological superconductivity with condensed-matter analogues to Majorana fermions. Here, the nonequilibrium Green’s function approach with the generalized Kadanoff–Baym ansatz is employed to study the electron-correlation effects and their role in the topological superconducting phase in and out of equilibrium. Electron-correlation effects are found to affect the transient signatures regarding the zero-energy Majorana states, when the superconducting nanowire is subjected to external perturbations such as magnetic-field quenching, laser-pulse excitation, and coupling to biased normal-metal leads.
Highlights
One-dimensional nanowires may host Majorana zero modes (MZMs) when subjected to a suitable combination of spin–orbit interaction, proximity to an s-wave bulk superconductor, and an external magnetic field [1, 2]
The nonequilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) approach within the generalized Kadanoff–Baym ansatz (GKBA) allowed for a simultaneous study of the correlation, embedding and transient effects
Particular emphasis was put on the role of electronic interactions in the topological superconducting phase and the associated MZMs
Summary
One-dimensional nanowires may host Majorana zero modes (MZMs) when subjected to a suitable combination of spin–orbit interaction, proximity to an s-wave bulk superconductor, and an external magnetic field [1, 2]. To the best of the author’s knowledge, only a few investigations of transient signatures of the MZM in the interacting case have been presented before [35, 36], even in the clean limit This is especially timely and relevant as state-of-the-art time-resolved pump–probe spectroscopy and transport measurements are pushing the temporal resolution down to the (sub-)picosecond regime [37,38,39,40,41,42], where these effects could be observed in real time. It is the purpose of this paper to study the electron-correlation effects and their role in the topological superconducting phase in and out of equilibrium.
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