Abstract
A combination of electron cooling and rf system is an effective method to compress the beam bunch length in storage rings. A simulation code based on multiparticle tracking was developed to calculate the bunched ion beam cooling process, in which the electron cooling, intrabeam scattering (IBS), ion beam space-charge field, transverse and synchrotron motion are considered. Meanwhile, bunched ion beam cooling experiments have been carried out in the main cooling storage ring (CSRm) of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, to investigate the minimum bunch length obtained by the cooling method, and study the dependence of the minimum bunch length on beam and machine parameters. The experiments show comparable results to those from simulation. Based on these simulations and experiments, we established an analytical model to describe the limitation of the bunch length of the cooled ion beam. It is observed that the IBS effect is dominant for low intensity beams, and the space-charge effect is much more important for high intensity beams. Moreover, the particles will not be bunched for much higher intensity beam. The experimental results in CSRm show a good agreement with the analytical model in the IBS dominated regime. The simulation work offers us comparable results to those from the analytical model both in IBS dominated and space-charge dominated regimes.
Highlights
The Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou–Cooling Storage Ring (HIRFL-CSR) accelerator complex is a multipurpose research facility for nuclear physics, atomic physics and heavy ion applied researches in medicine, biology and materials science [1]
The results show that the minimum bunch length of the cooled beam is determined by the equilibrium between electron cooling, intrabeam scattering (IBS) effect, ion beam space-charge field and rf voltage, but the dependence of the minimum bunch length on the beam parameters has a slight difference in those experiments
We reported the experimental and simulation results of the minimum ion beam bunch length obtained by a combination of electron cooling and rf system
Summary
The Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou–Cooling Storage Ring (HIRFL-CSR) accelerator complex is a multipurpose research facility for nuclear physics, atomic physics and heavy ion applied researches in medicine, biology and materials science [1]. Because of the low-frequency limitation of the rf cavity, the second harmonic is used at the injection energies, which means two bunches are produced in CSRm. The bunched ion beam cooling process has been studied in several cooling storage rings, such as HIMAC, ESR, IUCF and CSRe [8,12,13,14]. The experimental and simulated results are described and compared, according to which an analytical model is established to investigate the effects of IBS and space-charge on bunch length. Both the experimental and simulated results show a good agreement with the analytical model
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