Abstract
This study considers the effect of various doses of electron irradiation on the crystal structure and properties of composite catalysts based on polyethylene terephthalate track-etched membranes and copper nanotubes. Copper nanotubes were obtained by electroless template synthesis and irradiated with electrons with 3.8 MeV energy in the dose range of 100–250 kGy in increments of 50 kGy. The original and irradiated samples of composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The improved catalytic activity of composite membranes with copper nanotubes was demonstrated by the example of the reduction reaction of p-nitrophenol in the presence of sodium borohydride. Irradiation with electrons at doses of 100 and 150 kGy led to reaction rate constant increases by 35 and 59%, respectively, compared to the non-irradiated sample. This enhancing catalytic activity could be attributed to the changing of the crystallite size of copper, as well as the surface roughness of the composite membrane.
Highlights
In recent years, the use of ionizing radiation to enhance the structure and properties of nanoscale structures has become one of the promising areas of modern materials science [1]
NTdiameter diameter approximately corresponds the pore diameter of the template nm); the inner diameter and wall thickness were determined to the pore diameter of the template (430 ± 10 nm); the inner diameter and wall thickness were to be about 264 and 83264
± 5 ±nm, morphology of the composite membranes determined to ±be11about and 83 ± 5 The nm,surface respectively
Summary
The use of ionizing radiation to enhance the structure and properties of nanoscale structures has become one of the promising areas of modern materials science [1]. Under the influence of a beam of accelerated electrons, both on the surface and in the depth of the catalyst, a number of processes take place; they lead to the activation of chemical bonds and the formation of defects on the surface and in the volume of the solid-state body. Slow electrons (with energy less than 0.15–0.3 MeV) can directly have a chemical impact on the solid-state body and take part in redox reactions This combined physical and chemical influence of the accelerated electron flux can potentially lead to the formation of new types of active centers [15,16]
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