Abstract
Background: This study aimed to understand individual muscle use in different paddling postures in stand-up paddle boarding (SUP). Methods: Sixteen college students were recruited in this study. Surface electromyography of 16 muscles on the dominant side was recorded. Results: In the time series, the biceps muscle exhibited a continuous activation pattern in the pull phase when kneeling, whereas when standing, the muscle contracted considerably in the exit and recovery phases, implying that it plays different roles in the two postures. The biceps also exhibited significantly higher muscle activation in the kneeling position than it did in the standing position. The maximum muscle activity levels of the external oblique abdominis and triceps were significantly higher when standing than when kneeling. In addition, an unstable SUP board activated the gastrocnemius to help paddlers maintain stability on a swaying surface. Moreover, additional power from the wrist flexor must be used in the recovery and catch phases to stabilize paddle control in the standing position. Conclusion: The knowledge that changes in SUP posture activate different muscle groups can enhance training efficiency and provide a reference for designing individualized training programs.
Highlights
Stand-up paddle boarding (SUP) is a Hawaiian paddle sport derived from surfing.Unlike traditional surfing, during which participants sit on a board until a wave arrives, stand-up paddle boarding (SUP) requires that boarders stand on a board and use a paddle to push themselves on water
By 2003, the Encyclopedia of Surfing had never reported on SUP [1]; a few years later, according to the SUP industry statistics, the sales revenue of stand-up paddle boards exceeded US$720 million [2]
A significant EMG difference was observed between the positions in starting activation times in the biceps, wrist flexor, external oblique abdominis, erector spinae, gluteus maximus, and rectus femoris and those in the termination times in the biceps, wrist flexor, rectus femoris, and gastrocnemius
Summary
Stand-up paddle boarding (SUP) is a Hawaiian paddle sport derived from surfing. Unlike traditional surfing, during which participants sit on a board until a wave arrives, SUP requires that boarders stand on a board and use a paddle to push themselves on water. SUP has become the world’s fastest growing water leisure activity [3,4]. This study aimed to understand individual muscle use in different paddling postures in stand-up paddle boarding (SUP). The biceps exhibited significantly higher muscle activation in the kneeling position than it did in the standing position. Conclusion: The knowledge that changes in SUP posture activate different muscle groups can enhance training efficiency and provide a reference for designing individualized training programs
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