Abstract
Abstract Background: Walking is an economic activity, the more efficient the mechanical contribution, the less metabolic energy is necessary to keep walking. Patients with chronic heart failure and heart transplant present peripheral musculoskeletal disorders, dyspnea, and fatigue in their activities. Objective: In this scenario, the present study sought to verify the correlations between metabolic and electromyographic variables in chronic heart failure, heart transplant patients, and healthy controls. Methods: Regression and correlation between cost of transport and electromyographic cost, as well [...]
Highlights
Walking and running are the most common human gaits
These results suggested that dynamic muscle coactivation was an important factor, especially for chronic heart failure (CHF) and heart transplant (HT)
These data support the idea that peripheral muscle limitations play an important role in people with CHF and HT
Summary
Walking and running are the most common human gaits. Humans walk at low speed and change gait to increase their locomotion speed, minimizing the energy expenditure. At speeds below walk-run transition speed, the oxygen consumption of walking is lower than that of running, while at higher speeds the relationship is reversed.[1] The energetic cost to travel a given distance is called the cost of transport (C), and has long been known to strongly depend on speed in human walking.[2, 3] The cost is minimized at intermediate walking speeds of 4.5–5.4 km·h−1 (or 1.25–1.5 m·s−1) and grows as speed increases above or decreases below this optimum value This trend is related to the pendular transfer of kinetic and potential energy, which is greater at intermediate speeds, 4 reducing the total mechanical work that must be performed by muscles at these speeds. Patients with chronic heart failure and heart transplant present peripheral musculoskeletal disorders, dyspnea, and fatigue in their activities
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