Abstract
An analytical theory of the curvature-driven trapped-electron instability including effects of finite $\ensuremath{\beta}$, toroidal coupling, and realistic aspect ratio is presented. The mode number of the purely growing mode is modified by the effect of finite $\ensuremath{\beta}$ and inverse aspect ratio, but the ubiquitous mode still remains. A destabilizing effect of finite $\ensuremath{\beta}$ for small Larmor radius is obtained.
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