Abstract
The multiple versions of electromagnetic stirring in continuous casting are described. For long products, linear or rotational stirring appears confusing, but is clarified based on liquid steel flow pattern and metallurgical results. Rotational mould stirring is the predominant application in billet casting. For slabs, butterfly type single and double strand stirring and rotational mould stirring coexist with different metallurgical purposes. Also, the evolution to higher casting speeds has required a new type of mould stirring that combines accelerating and braking functions. The trend goes to multimode systems.
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