Electromagnetic radiation study of skin sweat duct model

Abstract

Terahertz waves are increasingly used in fields such as information and communication technology, homeland security, and biomedical engineering. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, high-resolution imaging technique that can image within a depth of 1mm under the skin, and it has the characteristics of fast imaging speed and high detection sensitivity. Using OCT technology to study human skin, it was found that the human skin sweat ducts are helical structures. When the sweat ducts of the helical structure are filled with sweat composed of conductive electrolytes, combined with the morphological and dielectric properties of the skin, the sweat ducts can act as low Q-factor helical antennas and have electromagnetic effects in the Sub-Terahertz band. In this study, based on the morphological structure of sweat ducts in the skin, we established a basic sweat duct equivalent model, which consists of spiral sweat ducts and three skin layers (stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis). In this work, we investigate the frequency points of the stronger radiation of the sweat duct model at different frequencies and compare the effects of the turning direction of the helical sweat duct and changing the length of the sweat duct on its radiation variation at specific frequencies. The results show that there are significant differences in the magnitude and direction of planar radiation for different lengths of sweat ducts, and the differences in the turning direction of the helical sweat ducts also affect the angle of sweat duct radiation. The research on the electromagnetic radiation characteristics of sweat tubes in this study is of great guidance to the IC design research of human skin sweat tubes.