Abstract
We prove that an electromagnetic pulse originating at t = z = 0 and propagating in the z-direction is represented by a Bromwich integral. We discuss the asymptotic approximation of this integral for different saddle point methods. Then, it is shown that pulses have a steady component that propagates with the phase velocity and transient components that propagate with the signal velocity (according to Brillouin's definition). In many cases the signal velocity is the group velocity.We discuss different types of pulses, in particular digital pulses. For practical applications the transients are of the utmost importance since they are the main cause of pulse distortion.
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