Abstract
The electromagnetic nature of movement of liquid metal in a weld pool is discussed. When increasing the welding speed as a result of decreasing the induction of the magnetic field at the back of the arc and increasing the electromagnetic force directed forward and reducing the size of the active arc spot, the speed of movement of the liquid metal increases in welding in the direction from the current supply and rapidly in welding towards the current supply. This confirms the electromagnetic nature of formation of undercutting. A method is described for high-speed one-sided welding with a compound electrode in which the active spot of the arc becomes larger, the arc and liquid metal of the pool move forward, the electromagnetic forces directed downwards in the area of the side edges of the pool decrease, and the resultant welded joint is of high quality without undercutting, the reverse bead forms on a flux cushion and the impact toughness of welded joints increases.
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