Abstract
A mathematical model is proposed for determining the primary local and integral mean electromagnetic forces on the arc discharges in a three-phase arc furnace. These are the forces acting on the arc column from the currents in the liquid metal; the electromagnetic-interaction forces of the arc with other arcs and currents in the graphitized electrodes; and the interaction force of the arc with its own magnetic field, which tends to straighten the arc. Computer simulation shows that, in a three-phase arc furnace, when the distance between the electrodes is less than 1.5–2.5 times the arc length, the electromagnetic-interaction forces between the arc and the graphitized electrodes have the most significant influence on the behavior and shape of the electric arc. At larger distances, the interaction forces of the arc with currents in the liquid metal have the greatest influence on the arc. The resultant mean electromagnetic force on the arc may result in significant deviation from the straight line between the center of electrode decomposition and the electrode axis.
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