Abstract
We compute the electromagnetic fields generated in relativistic heavy-ion collisions using the iEBE-VISHNU framework. We calculated the incremental drift velocity from the four possible sources of electric force (coulomb, Lorentz, Faraday, and plasma-based) on the particles created. The effect of this external electromagnetic field on the flow harmonics of particles was investigated, and we found out that the flow harmonics values get suppressed and rouse in a non-uniform fashion throughout the evolution. More precisely, a maximum of close to 3% increase in elliptic flow was observed. We also found mass as the more dominant factor than charges for the change in flow harmonics due to the created electromagnetic field. On top of that, the magnetic field perpendicular to the reaction plane is found to be sizable, while the different radial electric forces were found to cancel out each other. Finally, we found out that the inclusion of electromagnetic field affects the flow of particles by suppressing or raising it in a non-uniform fashion throughout the evolution.
Highlights
Understanding how matter behaved at the beginning of the universe by creating and studying the quark gluon plasma (QGP) is the primary purpose of the relativistic heavy-ion collisions experiment [1]
From the many possible signatures of the quark gluon plasma, the very convincing evidences which led to the announcement in 2005 came from the combination of three observations: the measurements of strong anisotropic collective flow, valence quark number scaling of the elliptic flow v2, and jet quenching [2, 4]
Relativistic hydrodynamics has established itself as an indispensable component in modeling the collective dynamics of the QGP produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions [6,7,8,9,10]
Summary
Understanding how matter behaved at the beginning of the universe by creating and studying the quark gluon plasma (QGP) is the primary purpose of the relativistic heavy-ion collisions experiment [1]. The first and principal observation that has been extensively used for extracting information about the QGP from heavy-ion collisions is the collective flow of various particles, especially the elliptic flow [11]. This implies that any elliptic flow-related studies have the chance to clear the road to understand QGP well, and the answer to what affects elliptic flow is crucial
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