Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, that affect the action of insulin on the target tissue. North Sulawesi is in the top 5 of 34 provinces in Indonesia with the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus, based on the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research. The relationship between blood glucose and electrolytes is very complex, so there are still few studies looking for the relationship between the two in diabetes mellitus patients. This study aimed to find out the association between electrolytes levels (serum sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium) and fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted in April-September 2020 at Noongan Regional Hospital, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Demographic data including age, sex, symptoms, and oral anti-diabetic medication/insulin administration were collected, and then physical examination including body mass index was carried out. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Spearman Rank tests were used for statistical analysis. There is an inverse correlation between fasting blood glucose and serum sodium, chloride, and magnesium, but not significant. As for potassium, there is a direct correlation, but also not significant. In conclusion, only potassium has a positive correlation with fasting blood glucose, while other electrolytes have a negative correlation, however all of correlations are not significant.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease that has a multifactorial etiology and is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders of carbohydrates, fat, and proteins as a result of relative or absolute defects of islet β-cell pancreas, causing impaired insulin secretion or action, or both [1, 2] Nowadays, diabetes mellitus is becoming one of the common non-communicable diseases worldwide
This study aimed to determine and analyze the correlation between electrolytes levels and high blood fasting glucose in patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus in Noongan Regional General Hospital, Minahasa Regency
The result of this study descriptively shows that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is more likely suffered mostly by subject age 55-64 years-old and the least are those in the age range of 35-44 years-old
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease that has a multifactorial etiology and is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders of carbohydrates, fat, and proteins as a result of relative or absolute defects of islet β-cell pancreas, causing impaired insulin secretion or action, or both [1, 2] Nowadays, diabetes mellitus is becoming one of the common non-communicable diseases worldwide. It is estimated that deaths due to diabetes mellitus have occurred as many as 1.5 million deaths globally. Half of the deaths in the data are due to chronic hyperglycemia occurring before the age of 70. WHO predicts diabetes mellitus will be the 7th disease that causes death in 2030. According to the International Diabetes Federation in 2017, the incidences of diabetes mellitus is estimated to affect 451 million people globally and is projected to increase to 693 million people with diabetes by 2045 [3, 4].
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