Electrolyte Additives for Room-Temperature, Sodium-Based, Rechargeable Batteries.

Abstract

Owing to resource abundance, and hence, a reduction in cost, wider global distribution, environmental benignity, and sustainability, sodium-based, rechargeable batteries are believed to be the most feasible and enthralling energy-storage devices. Accordingly, they have recently attracted attention from both the scientific and industrial communities. However, to compete with and exceed dominating lithium-ion technologies, breakthrough research is urgently needed. Among all non-electrode components of the sodium-based battery system, the electrolyte is considered to be the most critical element, and its tailored design and formulation is of top priority. The incorporation of a small dose of foreign molecules, called additives, brings vast, salient benefits to the electrolytes. Thus, this review presents progress in electrolyte additives for room-temperature, sodium-based, rechargeable batteries, by enlisting sodium-ion, Na-O2 /air, Na-S, and sodium-intercalated cathode type-based batteries.