Abstract
A number of efforts have been made to translate the changes in x-ray intensity produced by pulsating vascular structures in the chest into recordable variations of electrical potential. Jacobi, Janker, and Schmitz (12) in 1932 reported use of an ionization chamber and mirror galvanometer to record changes in x-ray absorption due to heart-border pulsations. Later Heckmann (7) described what he called “actinocardiography,” a method using a photoelectric cell and galvanometer to obtain a graph of the changes in density of the entire cardiac image on the fluoroscopic screen; the records published show very little detail, except that the pulsations of the x-ray tube power supply are accurately reproduced. Henny and Boone (8) applied the tremendous sensitivity of the electron-multiplier phototube to this problem and first reported on their “electrokymograph” in 1945. The device was subsequently improved (9) and, as a convenient fluoroscopic accessory which readily provides records with a wealth of detail, it re...
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