Abstract
Identifying emotions has become essential for comprehending varied human behavior during our daily lives. The electroencephalogram (EEG) has been adopted for eliciting information in terms of waveform distribution over the scalp. The rationale behind this work is twofold. First, it aims to propose spectral, entropy and temporal biomarkers for emotion identification. Second, it aims to integrate the spectral, entropy and temporal biomarkers as a means of developing spectro-spatial , entropy-spatial and temporo-spatial emotional profiles over the brain regions. The EEGs of 40 healthy volunteer students from the University of Vienna were recorded while they viewed seven brief emotional video clips. Features using spectral analysis, entropy method and temporal feature were computed. Three stages of two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were undertaken so as to identify the emotional biomarkers and Pearson’s correlations were employed to determine the optimal explanatory profiles for emotional detection. The results evidence that the combination of applied spectral, entropy and temporal sets of features may provide and convey reliable biomarkers for identifying , and profiles relating to different emotional states over the brain areas. EEG biomarkers and profiles enable more comprehensive insights into various human behavior effects as an intervention on the brain.
Highlights
Within the brain, impetus inclinations, behavioral reactions, physiological stimulation, states of mind and cognitive procedures are all directly conveyed through emotion
A two-scale valence-arousal graph is used for conveying emotions, with emotional strength between calm to excited presented on the vertical axis as ‘arousal’, while the unpleasant to pleasant degree of emotion is conveyed on the horizontal axis as ‘valence’ [8,9,10]
The highest means were attained for Spectralneutral, which varied significantly from all other emotional states across each brain region apart from Spectralsurprise
Summary
Impetus inclinations, behavioral reactions, physiological stimulation, states of mind and cognitive procedures are all directly conveyed through emotion. From a particular response of the body to an instinctive reaction, individual emotional reactions can vary [3]. The possible extent of congruence between socio-affective circumstances and particular brain areas has been investigated through applying an array of simulation methods in a substantial number of studies [4,5]. Key emotions are identified in the discrete model which specific, distinct affective states are connected to; fundamental emotions such as happiness, sadness, surprise, disgust, fear and anger are individually or in some mixture deemed to be responsible for any further emotions [6,7]. Quartiles Q1 to Q4 are the four principal sites of emotional states, with low arousal–high valence (LAHV), low arousal–low valence (LALV), high arousal–low valence (HALV) and high arousal–high valence (HAHV) presented in Q4, Q3, Q2 and
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