Abstract
Epileptic encephalopathy syndromes are disorders in which the epileptiform abnormalities are thought to contribute to a progressive cerebral dysfunction. Characteristic electroencephalogram findings have an important diagnostic value in classification of epileptic encephalopathy syndromes. In this paper, we focus on electroencephalogram findings of childhood epileptic encephalopathy syndromes and provide sample illustrations.
Highlights
Epilepsy electroclinical syndromes have characteristic seizure semiology, frequency, duration, inciting factors, and age of seizure onset and are often associated with specific electroencephalogram (EEG) findings
This review focuses on the neurophysiological features, including variant patterns relevant to selected etiologies (Table 1)
Both syndromes are associated with electrical status epilepticus in slow wave sleep (ESES) defined by nearly continuous epileptiform discharges during slow wave sleep
Summary
Epilepsy electroclinical syndromes have characteristic seizure semiology, frequency, duration, inciting factors, and age of seizure onset and are often associated with specific electroencephalogram (EEG) findings. Epileptic encephalopathies are syndromes in which the epileptiform abnormalities are thought to contribute to a progressive cerebral dysfunction. The ictal and interictal EEG patterns can help define the electroclinical syndromes, identify potential etiologies, and guide treatment. A detailed description of each genetic etiology is beyond the scope of this review. This review focuses on the neurophysiological features, including variant patterns relevant to selected etiologies (Table 1)
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