Electroencephalogram and Visual Evoked Potential Studies in Patients with Stroke

Abstract

Stroke or cerebrovascular accident occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cut off (an ischemic stroke) or when a blood vessel bursts (a hemorrhagic stroke). Most strokes are of the ischemic type. Without oxygen, brain cells begin to die. death or permanent disability can result. High blood pressure, smoking,D.M, and having had a previous stroke or heart attack increase a person’s chances of having a stroke. The aims of this study: Evaluate the role of electroencephalography and visual evoked potential in patients presented with stroke. Determine the electroencephalographic abnormalities in stroke patients. Evaluate the clinical manifestations and medical history of patient with stroke. This study is a case-control study dealing with a total of 170(male and female) subjects, 85 of them as group presented with stroke and the other 85 considered asa control group. The electrophysiological tests were done at the neurophysiology unit of Mirjan Teaching center in Babylon City, during the period from 1ᵗʰ/12/ 2015 until 20ᵗʰ /5/2016.Electroencephalography and Visual evoked potential were performed for the patients and the control in parallel.This study shows the differences between patients with stroke and control by EEG changes there were significant differences between patients and control by EEG changes. There were 35% of stroke patient presented with abnormal EEG changes ,While 26%of stroke patient presented with abnormal VEP. The purpose of the study was to compare sensitivity and specificity of these two analytical procedures (EEG and VEP) in the diagnosis of stroke. The sensitivity and the specificity of EEG in stroke The results showed a sensitivity of35.3% and a specificity of 97.6%.p value less than 0.01 is highly significant.The sensitivity and the specificity of VEP in stroke The results showed a sensitivity of 25.9% and a specificity of 100% p value less than 0.01 is highly significant.The EEG abnormal findings in stroke patients were (35%) of all patient group (68%) of them were generalized while (32% )were partial seizure.The distribution of different EEG abnormalities in stroke patients were (slow wave 48%,spike wave26%,poly spike wave13% and sharp wave13%).The VEP abnormal findings in stroke patients were(26%) of allpatient group, the majority of abnormal VEP findings were prolonged latency of P100, P75 and P145 respectively.There were significant differences between stroke patients and control group regarding the clinical manifestations and medical history (DM, Headache, Dysarthria , Visual disorder,Facial weakness, dizziness hypertension and Hemiphgia.