Electrodynamic Apparatuses for Concentration of Solutions

Abstract

The results of complex research of electrodynamic vacuum evaporators are presented. The scientific and technical concept of the directed energy action technology applicable to apparatuses of the electrodynamic type is substantiated. A system analysis of the energies of traditional dehydration equipment is given. Their technological and energy problems are determined by the electrothermal analogy method. It is shown how these problems are solved in the electrodynamic type apparatuses. A physical scheme and a mathematical model of a electrodynamic continuous operation vacuum evaporator are developed. Assumptions that take into account the specifics of evaporation in an electromagnetic field are formulated. A system of differential equations that defines the solution interaction with an electromagnetic field in vacuum is presented. A nonstationary model is transformed into relations in dimensionless variables using the methods of similarity theory and the “dimension analysis”. The tasks of experimental modeling are defined. The results of complex experimental studies of microwave vacuum evaporators are presented. The influence of the electromagnetic field power, the solution type and concentration, and the pressure level on the steam output is established. Constants of the equation in generalized variables, which, with an error within 8%, establishes the relationship of the number of energy actions with dimensionless complexes that characterize the technological parameters, are defined.