Electrodeposition of manganese dioxide in three-dimensional poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrene sulfonic acid)–polyaniline for supercapacitor

Abstract

The preparation of composites of precise metal oxides/conducting polymers is important in studies of supercapacitors. In this work, a three-dimensional matrix of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrene sulfonic acid)–polyaniline (PEDOT–PSS–PANI) was prepared by interfacial polymerization of ANI into PEDOT–PSS. Conductivity was enhanced by incorporating of PANI into PEDOT–PSS because of the decrease in the distance for electron shuttling along the conjugated polymeric chain. Composite electrodes were prepared by the electrodeposition of manganese dioxide (MnO 2) in a PEDOT–PSS–PANI three-dimensional matrix. The electrodes were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cyclic voltammetry techniques. The results show a significant improvement in the specific capacitance of the composite electrode. For PEDOT–PSS the specific capacitance was of 0.23 F g −1, while PEDOT–PSS–PANI and PEDOT–PSS–PANI–MnO 2 displayed values of 6.7 and 61.5 F g −1, respectively. When only considering the MnO 2 mass, the composite had the specific capacitance of 372 F g −1. The composite also had an excellent cyclic performance.