Abstract
Ni/nano-Y2O3 composite films were successfully prepared by electrochemical deposition using an acid sulfamate bath. The influence of solid particles added to electrolyte on electrodeposition was investigated by electrochemical measurement methods. The linear sweep voltammetry test showed that the composite deposition took place at a greater potential than that of nickel, and the presence of nano-Y2O3 decreased cathodic polarization. Chronoamperometry studies indicated that the nucleation model of both deposits similarly approached the theoretical instantaneous nucleation mode based on the Scharifker–Hills model. The Y2O3 particles adsorbed on the cathodic surface were shown to facilitate the nucleation/growth of the nickel matrix which is consistent with the deposition kinetics parameters calculated by non-linear fitting experimental curves. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the presence of Y2O3 particles in a bath is beneficial for the decrease in charge transfer resistance in the deposition. The atomic force microscopy observations of both deposits obtained in the initial electrodeposition stage confirmed that the Ni-Y2O3 composite had a higher grain number and finer mean grain size.
Highlights
Metal matrix composites reinforced with solid particles have been widely applied in many engineering fields owing to their enhanced physical and chemical properties [1,2,3]
The Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) curves further indicated that the addition of nano-Y2O3 particles had a significant effect on the reduction process in the plating-bath by changing nano-Y2 O3 particles had a significant effect on the reduction process in the plating-bath by changing the the related deposition mechanism, and decreasing the cathodic polarization of nickel and related deposition mechanism, and decreasing the cathodic polarization of nickel and increasing increasing the corresponding cathodic current density
The nucleation/growth mechanism and co-deposition kinetic parameters were determined by chronoamperometry studies, and the results showed that the nucleation model of both deposits approaches the theoretical instantaneous nucleation mode based on the Scharifker–Hills model
Summary
Metal matrix composites reinforced with solid particles have been widely applied in many engineering fields owing to their enhanced physical and chemical properties (e.g., high level of hardness, wear and corrosion resistance, and thermal stability, among others) [1,2,3]. Metallic composites can be fabricated through diverse technologies, such as hot pressing [4], casting [5], thermal spraying [6], cold spraying [7], powder metallurgy [8], and electrochemical deposition [9]. Among these techniques, electrodeposition has attracted much attention due to its lower cost and ability to operate at an ambient temperature and under normal pressure. Far, only a few researchers have investigated the composite coating of a nickel matrix enhanced with nano-Y2 O3 particles, and a few papers on the electrodeposition mechanism of the Ni-Y2 O3 composite have been reported by using electrochemical measurements methods [18,19]
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