Abstract
Hybrid materials based on polyaniline (PAni) were obtained by in situ polymerization of aniline with chitosan and/or organically modified clay (nanomer I-24) in HCl. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and direct current (DC) electrical conductivity. Thin films of PAni, PAni-clay, PAni-chitosan and PAni-chitosan-clay were prepared by casting a solution of each sample in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) onto indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass electrodes and their electrochromic properties were investigated. It was observed color variation from transparent yellow in the reduced state (E = -0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl), green in the intermediate state (E = 0.5 V) and dark blue in the oxidized state (E = 0.8 V) for all samples. The color changes of each material in function of the applied potential were tracked using the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) system of colorimetry, in which the color change was much more significant for PAni-clay film.
Highlights
Conjugated polymers have attracted the attention of academia and industries mainly because of their electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, which make them useful for applications in organic optoelectronic devices
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of chitosan, PAni, PAni-clay, PAni‐chitosan and PAni-chitosan-clay samples were recorded in order to confirm the PAni formation and to investigate its interaction with chitosan in all the systems
According to the analysis of the results obtained from FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), direct current (DC) electrical conductivity and spectroelectrochemical techniques one can notice that the properties of the films of PAni and its hybrid are strongly influenced by the dopant acid
Summary
Conjugated polymers have attracted the attention of academia and industries mainly because of their electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, which make them useful for applications in organic optoelectronic devices. In addition of the mixture of PAni with other polymers, it has been sought to improve such properties through the preparation of hybrid organic/inorganic composites by the incorporation of metal oxides (such as WO3, NiFe2O4, TiO2 and ZnO),[8,24,25,26,27] montmorillonite clays,[28] or mesoporous materials such as SBA-15 and MCM-41,29,30 since they combine the advantages of conjugated conducting polymers and these fillers offering special properties arising from the combination of each component Undertaking this challenge provides an opportunity for developing new materials with synergic behavior leading to improved performance or to new useful properties. Chromaticity coordinates were transformed to L*a*b* coordinates, a uniform color space (CIELAB) defined by the CIE in 1976
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