Abstract
Chitosan-Ru2(bpy)32+-SiO2 composite nanoparticles (CRuS NPs) were prepared by reverse microemulsion method for the electronic attraction between negative charge of hydroxyl groups in chitosan and positive charge in Ru2(bpy)3 2+. Based on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNT)/Nafion composite membrane technology, CRuS NPs was effectively and steadily immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. The CRuS NPs synthesized were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy, while the modification was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry and electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL). The ECL studies revealed that the sensor had a good response to different concentrations of tiapride hydrochloride and the increased ECL intensity was directly related to the logarithm of tiapride hydrochloride concentrations in the range from 0.01 to 3.0 µmol L-1 with a detection limit of 6.0 nmol L-1. The sensor was successfully applied to the determination of tiapride hydrochloride in pharmaceutical.
Highlights
Tiapride hydrochloride, N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)2-methoxy-5-methylsulfonyl benzamide hydrochloride (Figure 1), was synthesized in 1974 and introduced by Synthélabo ( Sanofi) in 1977.1 It was an atypical antipsychotic agent, a selective dopamine D2 and D3 receptor antagonist, which has been used successfully in the treatment of different neurologic and psychiatric disorders, including extrapyramidal motor disorders, tardive dyskinesia, withdrawal symptoms and Huntington’s disease.[2]
The current at the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNT)/Nafion glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (Figure 5A, curve b) was obviously enhanced, compared to the bare GCE (Figure 5A, curve a), which indicated that the MCNT/Nafion was successfully coated on the GCE
The self-assembling of CRuS NPs on MCNT/Nafion GCE was studied by the CV technique (Figure 5A, curve c), showing results that a new redox wave was observed in 0.1 mol L-1 PBS at 1.15 and 1.03 V, respectively, which was the typical redox wave of Ru(bpy)32+
Summary
N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)2-methoxy-5-methylsulfonyl benzamide hydrochloride (Figure 1), was synthesized in 1974 and introduced by Synthélabo ( Sanofi) in 1977.1 It was an atypical antipsychotic agent, a selective dopamine D2 and D3 receptor antagonist, which has been used successfully in the treatment of different neurologic and psychiatric disorders, including extrapyramidal motor disorders, tardive dyskinesia, withdrawal symptoms and Huntington’s disease.[2]. The modified GCE was immersed in 300 μL CRuS NPs solution for 30 min During this process, CRuS NPs were self-assembled onto the surface of the GCE based on the stronger electrostatic interactions between the positive charge of chitosan embedded in the CRuS NPs and negative charge of Nafion. The phenomenon can be explained that the SiO− groups in CRuS NPs had a negative charge and possessed stronger electrostatic adsorption ability to the positive charge of Ru(bpy)32+, and the most Ru(bpy)32+ molecules resided at the bulk of the silica nano particle When these nanoparticles were dispersed in water, they had less interaction with the surrounding water molecules and showed fluorescence emission at a lower relative wavelength. The concentration of tiapride hydrochloride was quantified by the ECL intensity
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