Abstract
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (also called electrochemiluminescence (ECL)) has become a great focus of attention in different fields of analysis, mainly as a consequence of the potential remarkably high sensitivity and wide dynamic range. In the particular case of sensing applications, ECL biosensor unites the benefits of the high selectivity of biological recognition elements and the high sensitivity of ECL analysis methods. Hence, it is a powerful analytical device for sensitive detection of different analytes of interest in medical prognosis and diagnosis, food control and environment. These wide range of applications are increased by the introduction of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). Disposable SPE-based biosensors cover the need to perform in-situ measurements with portable devices quickly and accurately. In this review, we sum up the latest biosensing applications and current progress on ECL bioanalysis combined with disposable SPEs in the field of bio affinity ECL sensors including immunosensors, DNA analysis and catalytic ECL sensors. Furthermore, the integration of nanomaterials with particular physical and chemical properties in the ECL biosensing systems has improved tremendously their sensitivity and overall performance, being one of the most appropriates research fields for the development of highly sensitive ECL biosensor devices.
Highlights
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a chemiluminescence phenomenon resulting from the electrochemical excitation of a luminescence system that emits light when it returns to its fundamental state [1]
This review focuses on the use of screen-printed electrodes combined with nanomaterials in ECL biosensors, how the biorecognition elements are immobilized on SPE and how nanomaterials are incorporated into the biosensor devices
HRP catalyze the oxidation of luminol in the presence of H2 O2, generating an increase of ECL signal when higher amounts of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 are retained on the molecularly imprinted imprinted polymers (MMIP) particles
Summary
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a chemiluminescence phenomenon resulting from the electrochemical excitation of a luminescence system (luminophore) that emits light when it returns to its fundamental state [1]. We believe this review will provide a base of knowledge in the development of ECL biosensor devices based on disposable SPEs, which promise selective and sensitive determinations of analytes in a wide range of samples, thanks to high affinity/biocatalytic interactions of the analytes with bioreceptors and the great advantages of ECL analysis methods These devices will be marketed and widely used as rapid sensing and POC systems. The rich surface chemistry of cellulose-based materials is a great advantage during the immobilization of bio-receptors by physisorption [55], bio-affinity interaction, by covalent bond due to a variety of chemical reactions (active esterification, maleimide cycloaddition, click chemistry, diazonium chemistry, etc.) [56] All these excellent properties of the paper-based electrodes are making them a really useful option for competitive future electrochemical and ECL applications. All these great advantages make SPEs real competitors compared with conventional electrodes; they have been extensively employed in electrochemical and ECL biosensor development
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