Abstract
The aim of this electrochemical study was to ascertain which position of hydroxy groups on a benzene ring provides electroactive products after enzymatic oxidation by laccase originating from the Trametes versicolor mushroom, exhibiting intense redox signals that are exploitable for their amperometric determination. The electrochemical properties of phenol together with all isomers of benzenediol and cresol at the bare carbon paste electrode (CPE) and CPE modified with enzyme laccase (CPE/Laccase) were investigated using cyclic voltammetry at various scan rates. Comparison of resulting redox signals and their differences confirmed the suitability of classes of polyphenolic compounds as substrates for Trametes versicolor laccase and their potential use as suitable biological components in the development of amperometric enzyme biosensors for the determination of such species. The feasibility of the proposed approach was verified by electrochemical assays of the enzymatic oxidation of polyphenolic analogues of simple phenols, e.g., gentisic acid, caffeic acid, resveratrol, and others.
Highlights
Carbon paste is a typical heterogeneous electrode material [1,2] which can be prepared in a laboratory by mixing conductive graphite powder and a lipophilic binder
It is very important to prepare sensitive biological devices for monitoring an enzymatic reaction to properly assess the suitability of selected phenolic compounds as a laccase substrate
Cyclic voltammetry of phenol, and polyphenol benzenediols wasbe performed the bare and carbon paste electrode (CPE)/Laccase biosensor to evaluate if acresols, particular could efficientlyat the bare CPE
Summary
Carbon paste is a typical heterogeneous electrode material [1,2] which can be prepared in a laboratory by mixing conductive graphite powder and a lipophilic binder (waxes, vaseline, mineral, and paraffin oils). The homogeneous carbon paste can be pressed mechanically into the Teflon piston-like electrode holder with an electrical conductive screw for the preparation of an unmodified carbon paste electrode (bare CPE). The first generation of amperometric catalytic biosensors were prepared only by mixing bare carbon paste with tissues containing enzymes in a ceramic mortar to produce modified carbon paste electrodes [2]. A carbon paste electrode bulk-modified directly with laccase (CPE/Laccase) was employed. According to above-mentioned definition, the CPE/Laccase can be regarded as a simple, first generation biosensor [4]
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