Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using electrosorption to remove cesium (Cs+) ions from aqueous solutions using the membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) process. The electrochemical properties were analyzed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The activated carbon electrode coated by a polymer layer showed higher specific adsorption capacity (SAC) and removal efficiency of Cs+ than the AC electrode. The effects of potential, flow rate, initial Cs+ concentration, and pH values were investigated to optimize the electrosorption performance. The electrosorption capacity increased with an increase in the applied potential and the concentration of Cs+ in the influent water. The pH value is an important parameter on electrosorption performance. The removal of Cs+ ions was affected by the pH of the influent water because H+ ions acted as competing ions during the electrosorption process. Cs+ was preferentially adsorbed to the electrode in the early stages of adsorption but was later replaced by H+. A higher presence of H+ ions could reduce the adsorption capacity of Cs+ ions. The ion-exchange layer coated AC electrode was shown to be favorable for the removal of Cs+, despite the limited electrosorption ability in a highly acidic solution.
Highlights
This study demonstrates the promising potential for using the capacitive deionization (CDI) method as a means of removing Cs+ ions in acid-based aqueous solutions
The shape of the sturdy electrode surface was expected to mitigate the degradation of electrode performance caused by the physical adsorption of wastewater-related contaminants since there is less opportunity to come into contact with contaminants and adsorb them [12]
Images of surface (b) and cross-section (c) of the activated carbon electrode coated by the cation polymer layer
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Nuclear energy provides a more steady and efficient supply of powerful energy than traditional energy. A large amount of radioactive waste is generated in nuclear power plants during their daily operations, maintenance, and decommissioning. In 2011, the nuclear power plant accident in Fukushima Daiichi, Japan, released large amounts of radioactive elements into the atmosphere, causing serious damage to the environment
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