Abstract
Nitrobenzene was electroreduced to azobenzene in ionic liquid BMimBF_4-H_2O on Pt electrode at room temperature. The concentrations of nitrobenzene and water in BMimBF_4 had complicated influence on the peak potential and peak current of cyclic voltammogram. The results from cyclic voltammetry and constant-potential electrolysis experiments showed that the reaction was a two-molecule and three-step electrochemical process with 8 electrons transferred. In the reaction, anion radical arose in first step, 2 electrons were transferred in second step and accompanied with coupling reaction of radicals, 2 electrons were transferred in third step, and azobenzene was produced.
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