Abstract
Organophosphorus chemistry is a broad field with multi-dimensional applications in research area of organic, biology, drug design and agrochemicals. Conventional methods have been adopted extensively to access phosphorylated compounds that rely on the use of toxic, moisture sensitive phosphorylating agents and occur in the presence of oxidants, catalysts, as well as high temperatures and harsh conditions are required for complete transformations. However, recent progress has been made for phosphorylation reactions using electricity to introduce green and sustainable synthetic procedures. These reactions can be performed at mild conditions and proceed with excellent atom economy. Herein, we targeted electrochemical phosphorylation reactions with generation of new bonds such as C(sp3 ) -P, C(sp2 ) -P, O-P, N-P, S-P and Se-P. This review is aimed to offer an overview of recent developments in the synthetic methodology to easy access of organophosphorus compounds using electrochemistry.
Highlights
Functionalized compounds containing phosphorus act as important intermediates in organic synthesis, with applications in medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry, material chemistry, flame retardant, ligands in synthetic chemistry, and it further suggests that they played an important role in the emergence of life on Earth, such as phosphates.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] Considering this, the development of new strategies for obtaining new PÀ C and PÀ heteroatom bonds is of great interest, expanding the application possibilities
The most common paths for the construction of PÀ C and PÀ X (X=N, O, S and Se) bonds proceed by the nucleophilic substitution of toxic halides with ROH/RSX,[9] Friedel-Crafts reaction,[10] Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction[11] and with the use of organometallic and a phosphine.[12]
The new synthetic strategies to form phosphorus-carbon or phosphorus-heteroatom bond and enlarge the substrate scope will remain an exciting practice in organic reactions to synthesize organophosphorus compounds of potential applications
Summary
Suggests that they played an important role in the emergence of life on Earth, such as phosphates.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] Considering this, the development of new strategies for obtaining new PÀ C and PÀ heteroatom bonds is of great interest, expanding the application possibilities. In 2017, she completed a Ph.D. in organic electrochemistry in collaboration between the University of Tunis El Manar and University of Alcalá Spain She is currently a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Organic Chemistry at RUDN University (Russia). Her current scientific interests include electrosynthesis of heterocyclic molecules and direct cyanation of organic compounds by electrogenerated acetonitriles. Nisar Ahmed obtained his Ph.D in organic chemistry (2012) under Brain Korea BK21 fellowship working in the group of Prof. Claus Jacob (Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken – Germany) He is currently conducting postdoctoral research on electrosynthesis with the group of Prof. After two years at this position, she has continued her research as honorary / visiting research associate at the University of Bristol She is associated with Dr Nisar Ahmed for electrochemical applications.
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