Abstract
In this study, La and Ce doped PbO2 electrodes were prepared and the characteristic of the electrodes were discussed with the help of structure analysis. The catalytic effects of the doped electrodes were explored through the degradation of para-aminophenol wastewater. The results showed that the para-aminophenol removal was 96.96%, 89.34%, and 77.55% after 180 min treatment with Ce-PbO2, La-PbO2, and PbO2, respectively. The para-aminophenol enhanced degradation mechanism was discussed with rare earth element doping electrodes and a kinetic model was established based on radical reactions mechanism with genetic algorithm (GA) calculation. The reaction constants of these electrodes were calculated and the results showed that the reaction constant of Ce-PbO2 electrode was the highest, which indicated that Ce-PbO2 electrode could have a better treatment effect. The EE/O was used as the index of energy consumption efficiency and the results were calculated and compared. This paper could provide basic data and technique reference of the prediction the oxidation reaction process of different electrodes for the electrochemical oxidation application in wastewater treatment.
Highlights
Para-aminophenol (PAP) is the primary material of paracetamol industry, which was widely used in a number of countries (Bloomfield, 2002; Bahrami and Salehabadi, 2014)
PbO2 electrode, La doped PbO2 (La-PbO2) electrode and Ce doped PbO2 (Ce-PbO2) electrode were applied for the degradation of PAP wastewater on the condition of electrolyte concentration Na2SO4 0.1 mol·L−1, PAP concentration 500 mg·L−1 and current density 70 mA·cm−2
The PAP removal with Ce-PbO2 electrode was 96.96%, which is higher than the removal with La-PbO2 (89.34%) and PbO2 electrodes (77.55%) after 3 h treatment
Summary
Para-aminophenol (PAP) is the primary material of paracetamol industry, which was widely used in a number of countries (Bloomfield, 2002; Bahrami and Salehabadi, 2014). As one of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), electrochemical oxidation could remove biorefractory organic pollutants in wastewater and has the advantages of relatively high treatment efficiency with easy operation (Velegraki et al, 2010; Chen et al, 2014; Xia et al, 2015a). Electrode materials, such as boron-doped diamond, platinum, IrO2, RuO2, and PbO2 and carbon relative materials (Arapoglou et al, 2003; Zhuo et al, 2011; Li et al, 2014; Wang et al, 2019), play an important role in electrochemical reaction. The tinier grain crystals on the doped electrodes could promote the conductivity, stability, and catalytic activity of electrode, which would be potential widely applied in dye wastewater pollution control in application filed
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