Electrochemical Engineering in the Core of the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)

Abstract

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are classed in the category of thin-film solar cells, which have been under thorough investigation during the last thirty years thanks to their low price, easy fabrication procedure, low toxicity and ease of generation. Even now, there are great efforts to substitute the present DSSC materials because of their elevated price, less abundance, and long-term stability. The performance of present DSSCs attains 12%, employing Ru(II) dyes via regulating material and structural features, which remains less than the performance given by first- and second-generation solar cells, i.e., other thin-film solar cells and Si-based solar cells which provide ~20% - 30% performance. This work focuses on the main findings of Sharma et al. [1] which presented an in-depth review on DSSC fabrication, running principle, fundamental issues (low efficiency, low scalability, and low stability), prospective efficient materials, and finally a brief insight to commercialization.