Electrochemical Determination of Mitomycin C and Its Interaction with Double-Stranded DNA Using a Poly(o-phenylenediamine)-Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Modified Pencil Graphite Electrode

Abstract

The electrochemical preparation of nanostructured polymeric network consisted of poly(o-phenylenediamine)-multi-walled carbon nanotube (PoPD-MWCNT) on a disposable and commonly used pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was demonstrated. The obtained PoPD-MWCNT/PGE electrode was prepared via one-step electropolymerization using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and characterized by CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Surfaces topographies of the electrodes were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to differentiate electrode modifications. The modified electrode highly improved the electrochemical properties of the PoPD/PGE and PGE. The fabrication process of the modified electrode was reproducible with a relative standard deviation of 3.8% (n = 3). Afterwards, sensitive detection of mitomycin C was performed based on the interaction of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) immobilized on PoPD-MWCNT/PGE with mitomycin C. Thus, a detailed investigation of the interaction of dsDNA immobilized PoPD-MWCNT/PGEs with mitomycin C were also evaluated at various interaction intervals from 0 to 30 min in an efficient process. This promising electrode provided a linear concentration range for mitomycin C from 0.5 mg L−1 to 25 mg L−1 with a low limit of detection, 0.012 mg L−1, and a limit of quantification, 0.039 mg L−1, based on the guanine oxidation peaks using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) (n = 3). The recoveries were also determined in spiked serum and satisfactory results emphasized the use of the electrode for clinical applications.