Electrochemical determination of epinephrine, uric acid and folic acid using a carbon paste electrode modified with novel ferrocene derivative and core–shell magnetic nanoparticles

Abstract

The purpose of the current research was to construct an intermediate (2-(4-Ferrocenyl-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-1-(naphthalen-2-yl) ethanone (2FTNE)) and a magnetic core–shell manganese ferrite nanoparticle (CMNP) to synthesis a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE). The electrochemical behavior of epinephrine (EP) was assessed by cyclic voltammetry and measured by square wave voltammetry by exposing to uric acid (UA) and folic acid (FA). High electrocatalytic activity for EP oxidation was seen in the 2FTNECMNP-modified CPE (2FTNEMCNPPE) compared to only CPE- and MCNP-modified CPE. The oxidation peak current of EP was linear within the range of 0.05–60 μM and its correlation coefficient was 0.999. The limit of detection was calculated at 0.016 μM for EP based on three times the standard deviation (3Sb) of the blank. According to the results, high selectivity, proper stability and good reproducibility was observed for the 2FTNEMCNPPE that detected EP, UA and FA successfully in an EP ampule, a folic acid tablet and urine samples, introducing 2FTNEMCNPPE with high capacity to develop the electrochemical sensors.