Electrochemical characterization of microbial bioanodes formed on a collector/electrode system in a highly saline electrolyte

Abstract

Bioanodes were formed with electrodes made of carbon felt and equipped with a titanium electrical collector, as commonly used in microbial fuel cells. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) performed on the abiotic electrode system evidenced two time constants, one corresponding to the “collector/carbon felt” contact, the other to the “carbon felt/solution” interface. Such a two time constant system was characteristics of the two-material electrode, independent of biofilm presence. EIS was then performed during the bioanode formation around the constant applied potential of 0.1V/SCE. The equivalent electrical model was similar to that of the abiotic system. Due to the high salinity of the electrolyte (45g·L−1 NaCl) the electrolyte resistance was always very low. The bioanode development induced kinetic heterogeneities that were taken into account by replacing the pure capacitance of the abiotic system by a constant phase element for the “carbon felt/solution” interface. The current increase from 0 to 20.6A·m−2 was correlated to the considerable decrease of the charge transfer resistance of the “carbon felt/solution” interface from 2.4 104 to 92Ω·cm2. Finally, EIS implemented at 0.4V/SCE showed that the limitation observed at high potential values was not related to mass transfer but to a biofilm-linked kinetics.