Abstract

The electrochemical reduction of nitrobenzene and phenylhydroxylamine on rotating (bulk or electrodeposited) copper electrodes has been investigated as a function of the pH in water + ethanol solutions. A comparison is made with the behaviour on glassy carbon and mercury electrodes. Several types of anomalies were observed: (i) From about pH 2 to 8, the E 1 2 of nitrobenzene is pH-independent. (ii) At all pH values from 2 to 12, the total wave height for the reduction of nitrobenzene is higher than that which would correspond to a 4 e − reduction, which shows that aniline is obtained even in alkaline media. This phenomenon is due to the reducibility of phenylhydroxylamine on copper whatever the pH. Deposited copper is more active than bulk copper, (iii) Hysteresis phenomena are observed in alkaline medium during the reduction of nitrobenzene and phenylhydroxylamine.

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