Electrochemical behaviors of LiCo 1/3Ni 1/3Mn 1/3O 2 in lithium batteries at elevated temperatures

Abstract

Electrochemical behaviors of LiCo 1/3Ni 1/3Mn 1/3O 2 were examined in non-aqueous lithium cells and lithium-ion cells with Li[Li 1/3Ti 5/3]O 4 at 30, 55, 75, and 95 °C. Li/LiCo 1/3Ni 1/3Mn 1/3O 2 cells showed rechargeable capacity of 205 mAh g −1 at 30 °C, 210 mAh g −1 at 55 °C, and 225 mAh g −1 at 75 °C in voltages of 2.5–4.6 V. Results on rate-capability tests at 55 °C indicated that LiCo 1/3Ni 1/3Mn 1/3O 2 was capable to deliver 160 mAh g −1 of capacity even at 4000 mA g −1 while high-rate charge was very hard due to electrical shortage derived from lithium metal deposition. Lithium-ion cells of Li[Li 1/3Ti 5/3]O 4 and LiCo 1/3Ni 1/3Mn 1/3O 2 could operate with rechargeable capacity of 150 mAh g −1 at 1600 mA g −1 without any electrical shortage during charge and discharge at 55 °C. One-hundred cycle test of the lithium-ion cell with variation of temperature 55, 75, and 95 °C, in voltages of 1.00–3.05 V was also examined and shown that LiCo 1/3Ni 1/3Mn 1/3O 2 was the most promising positive-electrode material for advanced lithium-ion batteries.