Abstract
The electrochemical synthesis of ternary graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) with ferric chloride and an organic solvent is described. Stage IV and V ternary GICs with identity periods I c = 19.19 A (d i = 9.14 A) and 22.70 A (d i = 9.30 A), respectively, are obtained in solutions of FeCl3 in acetyl chloride. In the graphite-FeCl3-CH3COOH-HCl system, a ternary GIC with a transition-metal chloride (FeCl3) and weak aprotic acid (CH3COOH) (stage III, I c = 16.15 A, d i = 9.45 A) is synthesized for the first time. Using radiotracer analysis, the solvent molecules are shown to be evenly distributed over the graphite host. Thermal analysis results demonstrate that GICs with FeCl3 and ternary GICs with FeCl3 and acetic acid differ markedly in thermal properties. The synthesized GICs offer record large expansion on flash heating. The resulting exfoliated graphite contains residual Fe2O3.
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