Electrocatalytic Amplified Sensor For Determination of Ofloxacin Using Zn2SnO4/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite As Surface-Modifying Agent

Abstract

This study describes an electroanalytical approach for the quantification of ofloxacin (OFL) through an electrochemical sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with composite material (Zn2SnO4-rGO/GCE) using square wave voltammetry. Zn2SnO4 was synthesized by hydrothermal treatment and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The analysis suggests a synergistic effect between the composite material, indicating irreversible oxidation of OFL in its protonated form (OFL+), involving two electrons. The electroanalytical methodology was successfully applied to determine OFL in ophthalmic solutions samples, achieving recovery rates ranging from 98.03% to 104.91%. Furthermore, it demonstrated high stability in both repeatability (RSD = 3.20%, n = 12) and reproducibility (RSD = 4.64%, n = 7), with no observed interference when additional substances were added. These results suggest the potential electroanalytical application of Zn2SnO4 and recommend the developed methodology as an alternative tool for OFL determination in commercial pharmaceutical samples.